Apparatus for lining reservoirs and the like.



l .G.M0NRA1H.

APPARATUS Foa Lmme nEsEnvomsANn 1HE LIKE.

APPLICATION msu IAR. x11-|915. A I K Piltlltd M81. 20, 1917.

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lllvfarqn.

WITNESSE'S f WCM WZ. M

APPARATUS ron'uln'tfsfnvoms AND'f'HE LIKE.

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Patented Mar. 20, 1917.

3 sains-shin 2.

Q QT WITNESSES 6.MONRATH. APPARATUS FOR LINING RESERVOl-RS AND THE LIKE.

` s APPLlATIQN FILED DIAL'H, |915. 1,219,840.. Patented 11u20, 1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3f Y. es

`composed of tar.

' gested or used for GUSTA'V M0`NRATH, 0F CHUQUICAMATA, CHILE,

ASSIGNOL TO CHILE IEIXIEIJORAlION COMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION 0F NEW JERSEY.

APPARATUS FOR LINING RESERVOIRS AND THE' LIKE.

Specification of Letters :Patent Patented Mar. 20, 11917,

Application med March 11, 191s. sentano. 1: 1,894.

To all Iwhom it may concern Be it known that I, GUsTAv MoNnATI-r, a citizenof the United States, residing at and Whose post-office address is Chuquicamata, Republic of Chile, South America, have invented certain. new and useful Improvements .in Apparatus for Lining Reservoirs and the like; and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, olear, and exact de-` scription of the invention, suoli as will enable others skilled in the art to' which it appertains to malte and use the same, Y

lVly invention relates to improvements in apparatus for building up, supporting and retaining, until set, mastit: compounds applied in plastic condition to and serving as linings for large reservoirs.

The invention is` 'particularly applicable to the lining ofthe inner sides of the walls of large reservoirs used in the leaching of ores and in the electrolysis of the solutions thus obtained.

These reservoirs are built, in sito, of concrete, and are extensive substantial structures, which, in their modern development. are usually sixteen or more feet' in height, often covering acres of ground, soA that the application thereto of the inner lining, which is required to vprotect them from the 'corrosive action of the contents of the res ervoirs, involves difficult engineering problems and considerations.

The mastic lining for these reservoirs is asphaltum or the like, mixed with a suitable filler of crushed rock, pebbles or other appropriate material, and isapplied hot', the bituminous material bein in a plastic or semi-liquid condition.

rior to my invention, so fari asl am aware, the only means which has been sugsupporting and retaining the mastic material in position against the Wall `during its application thereto and its subsequent cooling and setting, comprised ordinary planking and framing. l

mastic in position, `owing to theabsorbent character of Wood and the moisture therein contained, blisters. posed face of the Another abi" 'pliable .chamanisme if Aand which,

partl y broken' are formed on the ex?. mastic lining, to cover" ,which it 'becomes necessary; after the mastic, y ,Y qooled and Seh'topant asp," lt.V r

melding quires the reter tion of the temporary sup i port in its operative position for un extended period of time, to retain lthe mastic linin in proper forni until it yhas become sul'hgciently hardenec. to be' self-supporting.

The object of my invention is to provide an apparatus for building up, supporting and retaining the mastic lining, and which may be extended to any desired height and length, which is adjustable to and from the wall to be lined, for obtaining a lining of the desired thiclness, and which has a nonabso'rbent mastic supporting surface which possesses relatix ely high conductivity for heat; thereby elininating the formation 0f blisters on the exposed face ofthe lining, by zhe quick radiation of the heat, permits the lining to cool and to become hardened i 1 a relatively short timeso as to allowr ofthe early Withdrawal of the apparatus. 1

My invention provides further ratas adapted fo; ready assembling and dis.4 assembling, whic l1 will have a makimum of strength and rigidity, whilepossessing relatively light weig 1t, and in which the joints in the surf-ace which supports the lining, will be close litti ng and tight.

In the accom panying' drawings, which illustrate the pi(fe1.'red embodiment of'my invention,

Figure l is a 1i erspective .view of my im-` proved apparatus shown in operative posi` tion in a reservoir, a portion of whichis shown.

"Fig, 2 is a view partly in sideelevation and partly 'in ve: 'tical section of theappa.- ratus shown in operative position and Flg. 3 is an en] irged end elevation of one of the channel molding members und por` tions of the two adjacent moldin members.

an appa- Fig. 4 is an end eleyatonso a bracing, plate, such' as is shown in Fig. 3.. With the use of Wood for holding the hot plate shown inFi g. 5.

IigfS -islen enlarged horizontal-sectional l Fig.V 5 is Aa sidiv elevation ofianother onelimi-f View showingV one -of fthe, vertical. corner" membersl .and Sonie of thel side members Willman-attached thereto.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the left end of one of the channel molding'members and the bracing plate, which is adapted to be Secured therein, shown detached therefrom.

Fig. 10 is a side elevation of one of the adjustable clamps for holding down the. molding members and for holding them se cured to the scaffold.

Fi 11 is a top view, partly broken away, of t e clamp shown in Fig. 10, shown mounted on one of the vertical supports for the molding members.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged cross-section of one f 'the anchoring strips shown attached to 147 the Wall.

justed to any desired composed," preferably,

Similar reference characters designate similar `parts in the different views.

For preparing the walls 1 of the reservoir to have applied thereto the mastic lining, vertical anchoring strips 2, which are, pre erably, V-shaped in cross-section, are cured by suitable devices, such as staples or wires 3, to the inner sides of the walls 1, the strips being spaced about two feet apart, and the angles or ridges of the anchoring strips resting against the walls.

Suitable reinforcing and supporting material, lcomprisin Wire-netting, expanded metal, or other suitable oraminous material i is then secured to the outer edges of the strips 2. The material 4, together with the strips 2, serve as the permanent supports for holding the mastic lining secured to the walls 1,. The strips 2 serve not only as sup-A ports for the' reinforcing-material 4, but,

y reason of'their fianges 'flaring outwardly from the wall, they also servel directly as anchors for the mastic material. The strips 2, being disposed vertically, do not interfere with the pouring of the mastic material in the formation of the lining.

For building up, retaining and supporting the mastic compound until it has become cooled and set, and for giving it the pro er thickness, I rov'ide` a vertically and horizontally extensi le wall, which is disposed parallel with the Wall to be lined, and which "is supported by a Work-g--preferably portable scaffolds which are selfs'supporting, and which maybe ad distance from the wall lto be lined."

The extensible wall just referred to, and which serves-'ns a form -for one side of a mj'old, for receiving the mastic material, is

-of non-absorbent material, so astoavoid the formation of blisters 'on tlre'sexposed face of the mastic lining.

' In the:preferredform of my invention, this lextensible.wall consists of' a plurality of sheetrsteelfichannel members, whichare supported by scaffolds, .hereinafter described, :the .-channeL members being provided With horizontal matchede'dges, Where yby the: extensible molding wall; has .great -ing provide-(fl with a suitable framerigidity and the joints in the molding surface thereof are close fitting and tight.

Euch. channel molding member is vided with un upright molding wall 5, 9, and two horizontalinverted V-haped flanges (3 and 7, disposed one upon the other, the upper finnge serving as a roof, and be i pouring incline 8, which inclines downwardly and inwardly toward thelmolding wall 5. The lower flange 7 serves as a base for the channel molding member, andhas the same config 11i-ation as the flange 6, and. is adapted to match with the roof flange G ot the channel molding member next below.

In order to impart the requisite rigidity and strength lo the channel molding member, if may have secured in it two or more-.bracing members 9 and 10.l which. :1re zulaptcd to be respectively secured, by riveting or otherwise, in the right and left ends of the channel molding members, :is shown in Fig.

Each of the ln'ming members 9 and. 10 is provided with flanged edges through which the rivets may pass which secnre the bracing members to the f :lmnncl i'nolding members. Y

The channel molding members arc dis posed horizontally one above the other, as

'shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the lowermost channel member resting upon the concrete 'of the reservoir wall.

The channel molding members are rctained :in position by means of vertical supporting members 11, Figs- 1 and 2, against which the fia'nges 6 and 7 of the molding members rest.

The vertically supporting members 1.1 are releasably supported by and, preferably spaced apart from a suitable supporting framework, self-supporting scaffolds.

In Fig. 1 two of these are shown. They. may be of any desired dimensions, and -are of such number as is required by theinner dimensions of the reservoir which is to be lined.

Each scaffold .is `provided with. av lurality vof pairs of vertical timbers 12 an 13, the lower ends of which are secured to lio-rizontal timbers 14, which are adapted to rest upon the fioor 15-of the reservoir.

Connecting the members 12 and 13 of each pair of vertical timbers are transverse bars 1G, which serve to bracev the vertical timbers 12- and 13, and which also serve to support horizontal 4planks 17, which, are

proi i 1g.

preferablycomprising portablev portable scaffolds l adapted to support workmen. These planks' I maybe elevated to different cross-bars 16' from time to time as the wrok progresses.

Oblique bracing timbers 18 are respectively secured to the vertical timbers 13 and to the horizontal timbers 14. Cross-braces` 19 connect the vertical timbers 13.

The vertical-supporting` members 11 are 'fas . the case may be, byordinary screw clamps of ll-shaped clamps, best shown in Figs. 1()V and 11, the arms 22 of which embrace and ,are` vertically slidable on the vertical supportingmembers 11. One arm 22 of each clamp is provided with a .transverse screwthreaded hole in which is fitted a thumb 'screw 23, which is adapted to bear against the adjacent member l11, for securing the clamp to the position in which it may be adjusted-` The lower end ofthe transverse portion 24 of each of these U-shaped clamps is preferably provided with a Vshaped notch 25, Fig. 10, which is adapted to receive the upper edge of the uppermost channel molding member 5, as is shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

At the inside corners of the reservoir are respectively provided corner members, to which the ends of the adjacent side molding members l5 are releasably secured. One or' these corner members is shown in its operative position in Figs. 1 and 8. Preferably each corner member is also a molding member and consists of a vertical curved sheet metal channel member 26, the longitudinal edges of which are provided with inwardly turned flanges 27, Fig.'8, which are secured to the adjacent bracing plates 9 or 10, as

28, of the usual Uform, one of the arms of which is ada ted tohear a ainst the inner side of the a jacent flange 2 and the other arm of which has mounted in it a clamping screw 29, .which is adapted to bear against -the adjacentbracing plate 9 or 10 as the case may be.

Securedv within each corner channel 26, at

spaced intervals a art, are bracing blocks 30.

In preparing or the application of the mastic lining for the inner walls of the reservoir, after the anchoring stripsV Qhave been ,secured thereto, and the reinforcing material 4 has been secured to the' strips, the portable scafolds are positioned side by side and at proper distances from the. concrete' walls 1,I following which the steel chan'- 4nel molding members 5 are arranged in vertical and in horizontal series, as shown 'f .in Figs. land 2, with their flanges resting 1.1 against theverticalsupporting members 11,

"j tithe lowermostchannel members resting upon '--fthe'concreteat the bottom of the walls AV suiicient'space-is provided between the channel molding members and the reinforcing materiale for -thejreception fof mastic mate- .ial for the produetionoalipngpf the-de-V sired-thickness.

i vertically .have thus beer on the supporting members 11 to positions in which the clamps will bear against the uppermost chant el molding members which assembled. The thumb screws 23 are then tightened so as to hold the clamps securely in the positions in which `they have ybeen alj usted.

The vertical corner members 2G are then. mounted 1n their proper positions and are held secured to the bracing plates 9 and 1() `ofhthe channel molding members, by'apply- When found desirable the contiguous 'flanges l and 7 oi the channel molding nienibers, may be held clamped together by screw` clamps 3l, Whic 'i correspond in construction to the screw-clamps 28, which have already been tescribed. Two of these clamps 31 are sl own in operative position in Fig. 1.

he mastic compound :c is then poured, in its semi-liquid or plastic condition, into and illing the space between the molding mem bers and the resrrvoir walls. The pouring incline 8 on the :langes Gof the uppermost channels molding` members 5 serve to guide the mastic material and to prevent its being spilled during tlc pouring operation.

When the spo-ce' between the reservoir walls and the molding members has been filled with the hct mastic material, the ma terial may be allowed to partially cool, when the clamps 22 may be removed, and another series of channel molding members may be assembled upon t 1e series which has already been assembled, following which the clamps 22am again appl led to the supporting members 11 and 'are arranged to bear against the uppermost-molding members/of the` newly arranged series. The molding members of the neT series are likewise secured by screw-clamps 28 to the flanges 27 of the corner molding Irembers 26.

A fresh quantity of hot mastic material is then poured into and permitted to fill the space betwee :1 the reservoir walls ,and he newly arranged series of molding memers,

The molding members are thus applied in consecutive series and the mastic material is poured into the space between the molding members and the reservoir walls, until tire inner sides ot the reservoir wall.`

` As the vertice... series bi molding` mombars 'iii heightamc planks. lf may '1.30

b'eedjusted vertically as the Work demands and to suit the convenience of the workmen who stand upon these planks.

l't will be understood. thut additional vertical corner members 2G muy be ussembled end. to end upon those which have. :ilrendy been plnc'ed may be required.

With the use oi sl'ieet steel. in the construction of the 'molding members 5 and their corner members 26, n molding surface is obtained which is non-absorbent, and which will, therefore, not contain nny moisn ture or nir, thereby eliminating the formaH tion of blisters upon the exposed luce of the imistic lining, such :is forni when wood is employed to support :ind retnin the hot mustic in pince.

Sheet n'ictnl'hnving :i smooth surface permits the innstic ninterinl to readily slide. downwardly7 so that the filling operation may be quickly und eiiiciently elfected. To further facilitate the lilliug operation, und also to enable the molding members to be removed without :my of the innstic n'iuterizil adhering` thereto, the molding surt'uce muy be coated with soft soup or s. similnr luhrieating material.

As the channel/molding members are nitide ot n. sheet metal which hns relatively high conductivity for heut, und :is they may be relatively very thin :ind still, owing to their chiinnel torni, possess great, stiength and rigidity. the heat ot' the mastic lining will be quickly radiated through the molding members to the atmosphere. The mastic. lining will, therefore, soon cool and harden, in which condition it will be firmly held to the reservoir walls by means of the reinforcing material 4C and the anchoring strips 2, `which will be embedded in and entirely covered and inclosed, by the mastic material.

After the mastic materiel has hardened sufficiently the molding men'ibers and the scniiolds muy be removed. To effect this, the thumbscreivs 23 are loosened, and the 'clumps 22, `28 and 31 are removed from their The bolts 2O are then' operative positions. withdrawn from the vertical members 11, thereby permitting the removal of the spacing washers 2l, after which the vertical supporting members 1.1 may bc removed from their operative positions, thereby permitting the ready dis-assembling and removal o'f the channel molding members 5 und 26.

As the roof and base enges G und 7 of the channel molding members 5 respectively match with the base land roof finnges of the adjacent molding members, the joints between seid members are close fitting and tight, sind a, very rigid molding Wall is thereby obtained.

As usually employed by me, the channel molding members are about eight feet long and six inches Wide on the molding face.

I do not limit my invention to the struclure shown sind described, as modifications, within the scope ot th'nppended claims, muy be mudo without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what l clnim und desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A temporary structure" of the class described. comprising upright supporting members, horizontal limitingmembers supported thereby, said horizontal members bein, ,r adapted to be introduced upon each other lroin shove, and provided with complementnry bnckwnrdly projecting flanges, whereby the zuljecent members may be clampedtogether, seid Hanges being shaped to interfit when placed one on top of the other.

2. A temporary structure for the purpose specified, comprising upright supporting members and horizontal limiting members supported thereby, said horizontal members ed to intertit when placed one 'on to of the other, and aording mea-ns for c a'mping the adjacent horizontalmembers together.

3. A temporary structure'for the purpose specified, com rising upright supporting members 'and 'oriznontl limiting members supported thereby, together with means for retaining the horizontal members in theirj proper position, said means being 'djnst uhlepn said upright member-s and l:arranged tn engage said upright member-sin position above .the horizontal x'ne'mb'ers,l and hold the' latteragainst the upright members. 4. Atemporary structure for the purpose specified, comprising upright supporting members and horizontal limiting membersv having complementary backwardly projectv ing'flafnges of V.-shaped crossLscction, adi `loo supported thereby; together with retaining blocks, and 'means for setting the .blocks on' j said upright members in' position-'togretain the horizontal members in theirprperpd sition, the lower sizrf'ceofsid lietailung"vblocks being cut to fengee'the'topf the horizontal members; 'and old themjlgenst the upright members. V 5. An apparatus: for moldingflinings'of the Ikind described, comprisin u fs'calfold, and molding members adapte lt'ofbesup-l ported. horizontally thereby one upon the' other and havingmet'ched u perand lowfr edges, the upperedg' ec'li bers inclining downwardly and inwardly toward the molding surface. 6. An apparatus for molding linings of the `kind`,described, comprising a scaffold, a plurality of molding members adapted to be Supported horizontally thereby one upon the other, releasable means for clamping tlie moldin members to each other,.and means for'hol ingl the vtop member against and sup-` ported by thev sca fold.

7. An apparatus horizontally one upon the other against said4 vertical members, means fior clamping said moldingmembers to each other and means for holdlng the top member against said vertical members,

9. An ,apparatus for molding linings of the kind described, comprising a scaffold,

vertical members releasably seeureiil thereto,

` `spacing devices releasably held between the scaffold and said vertical members, a plu-- rality of molding members adapted to be supported horizontally one upon. the other by said vertical members, releasable means for clamping said moldingmembers to each other and means for holding the top mehr.

ber against said vertical member.

10. An apparatus for molding linings of the kind described, comprising a scaffold, vertical' members releasably secured thereto, a plurality of molding members disposed horizontally one upon the other and adapted to be supported by said vertical members whereby the vertical supporting members may be removed independently of the moldini,r members, .ind clamping means for securing saidmolding members against each other. f

11. An apparatus for molding linings of, the kind described, comprising a scafliold, vertical supporting members, bolts for releasably` securing said` vertical. members to said scaffold, a plurality of molding members adapted to be supported one upon the other by said vertical members and having matched upper and lower edges, whereby.

the `vertical supporting members may be rei'n-wcd indeliendently of the molding mem- Iii-rs,l means for releasably clamping the molding members to each other and me for `holding the top membei" against said vertical members.

12. An apparatus for molding linings of for molding linings ofV the `kind described, comprising a scaffold, a

the .kind described` comprising a' scaffold, vertical members releasably secured thereto, a plurality of sheef metal channel molding membersadapted to be supported horizontally one 'upon the (ther and to rest against said vertical membirsand having matched upper and lower'edg'es, and means vertically adJustable on said i ertical members for releasably engaging rndl holding the uppermost moldingmembers, said n'lat'clied upper and vlower edges being so conformed that.v thenieans last mertioned by holding the uppermost molding members against the vertical members also hold the other molding members agains; the vertical n'ienibers.

13. 1n an apparatus for molding linings ofi' the kind describe ',l, a form con'niiosed of,E a plurality of molding members each having an upright molding Wall, and provided with a roof having a pouring incline, and a base of the same configuration the roof, the base being adapted to match with thev roof of asimilar form.

l-l., In an apparaliu iiorniolding linings of the ,kind described, i, plurality of molding members of channel `forni, each having the bottom of the channel. serving :is an upright molding Wall, one of alie flanges of the channel serving as a roof and having on its upper side a pouring noline, and the other flange of the channel having the `same configuration as the rc of flange, and being adaptedto match with the roof flange of a similar member.

15. Inan apparatus for molding linings 100 of thefkind described, :i sheet metal molding member having an ipright molding wall, and provided with a roof' having a pouring incline, and a base of 'she same configuration as theiroof, the base being adapted to match 195 with the roof of a similar.' member.

16. In apparatus for molding linings of the kinddescribed, a sheet metal unit` of approximate channel form, the flanges of the channel having in crossseetion a, V- 110 slnipe, one being convex and the other concave, and being arrangiedso that th liange of one unit will interlit with the flange of an adjacent unit.

17. In arfapparatus for molding linings 115 of the kind` described` a pli alit off nonabsorl'ient n'iolding members adapted to be arranged horizontally one upon the, other and hai-*ing matched upper a nd lower edges,

the upper edge of earh member having a 120 `pouring incline.

18. In. an apparatus for molding linings of the kind described, i1 iolding members `dis- ]iiosed horizontally one above the other and having .n'iatched upper and lower edges, each 1254 member having an. upright moldingpwall and a roof having a pouring incline, a vertical corner member, and means for releas- :ibly securing the corner member to the molding members. y

19. In an apparatus for molding 'linings of the kind described, channel moldlng members arranged horizontally one upon the other, the bottom of the channel of each member being disposed vertically and serving as a molding Wall, the flanges yof each channel member beingdisposed horizontally one above theother and respectively matching with adjacent flanges of the adjacent mo'lding members, the upper flange of each f member having on its upper side a pouring incline, a vertical corner member, andmeans for releasably securing the corner member to the molding members.

20. A tem orary structure ing members, and horizontal limiting members supported thereby; said horizontal melnbers being adapted to be introduced upon each other from above and provided with backwardly projecting flanges, certain of said flanges being horizontally arranged and shaped to interfit when placed one on top of another and certain of said flanges being vertically arranged, whereby` the adjacent members may be clamped together by Way of said flairgesthus to establish a wallV v readily extended at will both vertically `and horizontally.

21. A temporary structure for the purpose specified, comprising upright supporting members, and horizontal limiting members supported thereby; said horizontal memer the purpose specifici, comprising upright support-4 bers being adapted to ybe introduced upon each other from above and provided with backwardly projecting flanges, certain of the limiting membershaving plane limiting Walls, and certain of said members having curved limiting walls, the former limiting ,members having horizontally arranged flanges shaped to interfitwhen placed one` on top of another, and all the limiting members having vertical flanges, whereby adjacent members may be clam ed 'together by way of said flanges to establish a wall which,-

while turnin a corner, is readily extended both vertically and horizontally at will.

22. In apparatus for molding linings of the kind described, a horizontally elongated molding unit having a vertically arranged molding wall and backwardly extending top and bottom flanges so arranged that the bottom flange of one unit ywill interit with the top .flange of a lower unit; eachflange having substantially the cross-Section-of an in- `verted V with one leg of theV considerably shorter than the other so that the latter may.

establish a pouring incline almost vras wide as the flange. f e T v In testimony whereof l affix Ijyslgn'ature,

in presence of vtwo witnesses.

' GUSTAVMONRATH.

Witnesses:

Fano HELLMANN, WM. D. Hoax. 

